4 languages – a printed dharani Buddhist text in Manchu, Chinese, Mongolian and Tibetan which preserves the original Sanskrit sounds in each (China, 1758-73). In 1735-96 the Chinese Qianlong emperor controlled vast territories with populations speaking different languages, hence the need for this text. Although I study east-west exchange I also love the rich east-east interactions too

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#languages #multiplelanguages #multilingual #inspiration #1001nightsphd #vaishaliprazmari #bl #britishlibrary #text #easteast #easteastinteractions